in press or under review

  insect MEMS

Bozkurt A, Gilmour R, Lal A (2009). Balloon Assisted Flight of Radio Controlled Insect Biobots. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56:9, September 2009 , pp. 2304-7.

 

Bozkurt A, Gilmour R, Sinha A, Stern D, Lal A (2009). Insect Machine Interface Based Neuro Cybernetics. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 56:6, June 2009, pp. 1727-33.

 

Bozkurt A, Lal A, Gilmour R. (2009) Aerial And Terrestrial Locomotion Control of Lift Assisted Insect Biobots. 31th International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC’09), Minneapolis, MN.

 

Bozkurt A, Lal A, Gilmour R. (2009) Radio Control of Insects for Biobotic Domestication. 4th International Conference of the IEEE Neural Engineering (NER’09), Antalya, Turkey.

 

Bozkurt A, Lal A., Gilmour R "Electrical Endogenous Heating of Insect Muscles for Flight Control",  30th International Conference of IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS 2008), Vancouver, Canada, August 2008, pp. 5786 - 5789

 

Bozkurt A, Gilmour R, Stern D, Lal A. "MEMS based Bioelectronic Neuromuscular Interfaces for Insect Cyborg Flight Control" 21st IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS 2008), Tucson, AZ, January 2008, pp. 160-163

 

Bozkurt A, Paul A, Gilmour R, Lal A. "Visual Stimulation Based Insect Flight Control Using Systems Implanted During Early Metamorphosis", In Proceedings of the 2007 Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES) Annual Meeting, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

 

Bozkurt A., Paul A., Pulla S., Ramkumar R., Blossey B., Ewer J., Gilmour R, Lal A. "Microprobe Microsystem Platform Inserted During Early Metamorphosis to Actuate Insect Flight Muscle," 20th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS 2007), Kobe, JAPAN, January 2007, pp. 405-408.

 

A. Paul, A. Bozkurt, J. Ewer, B. Blossey, and A. Lal, Surgically Implanted Micro-Platforms in Manduca-Sexta, 2006 Solid State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, June 2006, pp 209-211

  power  MEMS

Bozkurt A., Toscano P., Lal A. "Mesoscale Microdroplet Based Combustion Power Generation using an Ultrasonic Droplet Generator," 6th International Workshop on Micro and Nanotechnology for Power Generation and Energy Conversion Application (PowerMEMS 2006), Berkeley, CA, December 2006, pp. 5-8.

 ultrasonic surface micromachine actuation

Kaajakari, V., and Lal, A., "Micromachined Ultrasonic Motor Based on Parametric Polycrystalline Silicon Plate Excitation," Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Vol. 137, No. 1, pp. 120-128, June 2007

 

Ardanuc, S., Lal, A., "Bulk Detection of Sound Waves Launched by Surface Micromachined Beam Resonators," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, 2005

 

Ardanuc, S., Lal, A., "PZT Driven, Micromachined, 2-D Membrane Arrays, "IEEE UFFC Proceedings, Montreal, 2004

 

Lee, C.H., Lal, A., "Single Microdroplet Ejection using an Ultrasonic Longitudinal Mode with a PZT/Tapered Glass Capillary," IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonic Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, Vol 51, no. 11, November 2004

 

Kaajakari, V., Lal A., "Parametric excitation of circular micromachined polycrystalline silicon disks," Applied Physics Letters, vol 85, no. 17, October 25 2004, pp. 3923-3925

 

Kaajakari, V., Lal, A., “Thermo-Kinetic Actuation for Batch Assembly of Microscale Hinged Structures,” IEEE JMEMS, vol 12, no. 4, August 2003, pp. 425-432
 

Kan, S., Lal, A., “Control of Bulk Driven Ultrasonic Surface Micromachined Resonator,” Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, Munich, 2002
 

Kaajakari, V., Lal, A., "Parametric excitation of whispering gallery modes on circular micromachined plates," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, Munich, 2002

 

Kaajakari, V, Lal, A., “Thermo-Kinetic Actuation for Hinged Structure Batch Microassembly,” Proceedings of the 15th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, 2002, Las Vegas
 

Kaajakari, V., Lal, A., “Optimization of a Bulk-Driven Surface Micromachined Ultrasonic Micromotor,” IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta
 

Kaajakari, V., Lal, A., “Electrostatic Batch Assembly of Surface MEMS using Ultrasonic Triboelectricity,” Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, 2001, Interlaken, pp. 10-13
 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "Vibration of membrane excited by coupled acoustic energy from the bulk substrate," 142nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, December 3-7, 2001, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol 110, no. 6, 2001, p.2630

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "Flexural plate wave excitation using bulk modes," IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Lee, C., Lal, A., "Silicon Ultrasonic Horns for Thin Film Accelerated Stress Testing," IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Kaajakari, V., Kan, S-H., Lin, L-J., Lal, A., Rodgers, S., “Ultrasonic actuation for MEMS Dormancy Related Stiction Reduction,” Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Micromachining, MEMS for Critical Applications, Santa Clara, Sept. 2000.

 

Kaajakari, V., Rodgers, S., Lal, A., "Ultrasonically Driven Surface Micromachined Motor," Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Microelectromechanical Systems, January 2000, pp. 40-45
 

Lal, A., Kaajakari, V., Method and apparatus for stress pulsed release and actuation of micromechanical structures (US6451175)

  ultrasonic microfluidics

Radhakrishnan, S., and Lal, A., "Scalable Microbeam Flowsensors with Electronic Readout," IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 14, No. 5, Oct 2005, pp. 1013-1022

 

Chen, X., and Lal, A., "A Self-priming, High Flowrate Ultrasonic Vortex Pump," Proceedings of microTAS 2005 Conference, Boston, MA, 2005

 

Araz, M.K., and Lal, A., "Ultrasonic Chromatography in Silicon-based Microfluidic System," Proceedings of microTAS 2005 Conference, Boston, MA, Vol. 1, pp. 349-351

 

Chen, X., Lal, A., "Surface Liquid Droplet Motion on Silicon Ultrasonic Horn Actuators," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, 2005, Rotterdam, Netherlands

 

Araz, M.K., Lal, A., "Calibration of Acoustic Radiation Pressure Field inside Microchannels using Microparticle Zeta Potential Measurement," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, 2005, Rotterdam, Netherlands, pp. 2293-2296

 

Duggirala, R., Lal, A., "A Hybrid PZT-Silicon Microvalve," IEEE Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 14 no.3, June 2005 pp. 488-497

 

Araz, M.K., Lee, C., Lal, A., "Finite Element Modeling of Ultrasonic Separation at the Microscale," IEEE UFFC Proceedings, Montreal, 2004

 

Araz, M.K., Lee, C.H., Lal, A., "Ultrasonic separations in microfluidic capillaries," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, Hawaii 2003; WINNER of the best student paper in the industrial applications division

 

Sathaye, A., Lal, A., "An Ultrasonic Micromachined Integrated Capacitive Sensor for Biological Sample Preparation on a Microfluidic Platform," Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, Hawaii, 2003

 

Duggirala, R., Il-Seok, S., Lal, A., "Pyroelectric-piezoelectric valve for microfluidic applications," Technical Digest, Transducers '03, Boston, USA, June 2003

 

Duggirala, R., Lal, A., “A Pyroelectric -Piezoelectric Valve for Integrated Microfluidics,” Digest of Technical publications, The 12th International Conference on Solid State Sensors, Actuators and + Microsystems, Transducers’03, Boston, pp. 55-58
 

Radhakrishnan, S., Lal, A., “A Drag Force Flow Sensor For Closed-Loop Flow Control,” Proceedings of the IEEE MEMS 2003, Kyoto, pp.307-310
 

Sathaye, A., Lal, A., “Numerical Simulation Of Acoustic Streaming Near Embedded Microstructures Inside Microfluidic Channels,” Proceedings of the IEEE-UFFC Conference, Munich, 2002
 

Lee, C., Lal, A., “Low-Voltage High-Speed Ultrasonic Chromatography For Microfluidic Assays,” Proceedings of the Solid State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, 2002, pp. 206-209
 

Kaajakari, V., Sathaye, A., Lal, A., “An acoustic vortex particle concentrator,” Proceedings of the microTAS 2001 Conference, Monterey, CA, pp. 185-187, Kluwer
 

Radhakrishnan, S., Solak, H., Lal, A., "In-channel flow sensor using drag forces," Proceedings of the microTAS 2001 Conference, Monterey, CA, pp. 179-181, Kluwer

 

Ochoco, J., Lal, A., “Programmable Acoustic Streaming on a 2D PZT Pixel Array,” IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta
 

Ochoco, J., Lal, A., “Resonance Frequency Tuning of Two-Dimensional PZT array using Laser Trimming,” IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Lee, C., Lal, A., "Glass Capillary/PZT Transverse Wave Actuator for Microfluidic Radiation Force Assay," IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Lee, C., Dong, Y., Lal, A., "A glass-PZT Ultrasonic Microfluidics Platform," Proceedings of the microTAS 2001 Conference, Monterey, CA, pp.489-491, Kluwer
 

Sathaye, A., Lal, A., "An acoustic vortex generator for microfluidic particle entrapment," IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Kaajakari, V., Sathaye, A., Lal, A., “A Frequency Addressable Ultrasonic Microfluidic Actuator Array,” Digest of Technical publications, International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, 2001, Transducers'01, Munich, pp. 958-961
 

Patent: Integrated flow sensor, allowed 6/13/03.

  radioactive thin films for micropower

Duggirala, R., Kranz, M., Pollock, C., and Lal, A., "Self-powered Humidity Sensor powered by Nickel-63 Radioisotope," 2006 Solid State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, June 2006

 

Duggirala, R., Li, H., and Lal, A., "Active Circuits for Ultra-high Efficiency Micro-power Generators using Nickel-63 Radioisotope," Technical Digest, ISSCC 2006, Feb. 2006, pp. 418-19

 

Duggirala, R., Polcawich, A., Zakar, E., Dubey, M., and Lal, A., "MEMS Radioisotope-powered Piezoelectric Power Generator," IEEE MEMS 2006, Istanbul, Turkey, Jan. 2006, pp.94-97

 

Chandrashekhar, C., Thomas, C., Li, H., Spencer, M., and Lal, A., "Demonstration of a 4H SiC Betavoltaic Cell," 2005 11th International Conference on Silicon Carbide and Related Materials

 

Radhakrishnan, S., Guo, H., Yoshimizu, N., Lal, A., Pisano, A., Szekely, C., and McClelland, T., "On the Chip-scale Rubidium Atomic C lock," Joint Frequency Control Symposium and Precision Timing and Time-interval Meeting, Aug 2005.

 

Radhakrishnan, S., and Lal, A., "Alkali Metal-wax Micropackets for Chip-scale Atomic Clocks," IEEE Transducers 2005, Jun 2005, pp. 23-26.

 

Lal, A., Duggirala, R., Li, H., "Pervasive Power: A Radioisotope-powered Piezoelectric Generator," IEEE Pervasive Computing Jan-Mar 2005, vol 4, no. 1, pp. 53-61

 

Lal, A., Blanchard, J., "Daintiest Dynamos," IEEE Spectrum, September 2004, pp. 36-41

 

Lee, C., Guo, H., Radhakrishnan, S., Lal, A, Szekely, C., McClelland, T.A., Pisano, A., "A batch fabricated rubidium-vapor resonance cell for chip scale atomic clock," Proceedings of the Solid State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, 2004

 

Kan, Shyi-Herng, Lal, A., "Self-powered IC-compatible DC-bias for Electrostatic Resonators," Proceedings of the IEEE MEMS 2004, Maastricht, Netherlands, pp. 817-820

 

Duggirala, R., Li, H., Lal, A., "Radioisotope Micropower Generator for CMOS self-powered Sensor Microsystems," Technical Digest, PowerMEMS 2004, Kyoto, Japan 2004

 

Duggirala, R., Li, H., Lal, A., "An autonomous self-powered acoustic transmitter using radioactive thin-films," IEEE UFFC '04, Montreal, Canada, Aug. 2004

 

Duggirala, R., Li, H., Lal, A., "An ultra-high efficiency piezoelectric direct charging radioisotope micropower generator," Technical Digest, Hilton Head '04, Hilton Head, South Carolina, USA, June, 2004.

 

Lal, A., Li, H., Guo, H., "Integrated radioactive thin films for sensing systems," Proceedings of 2004 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS-2004), Vancouver, Canada, ay 23-26, 2004, pp. 596-599

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., “Nanopower Betavoltaic Microbatteries,” Proceedings of the Transducers’03, Boston
 

Li, H., Lal, A., “Radioisotape-Powered Cantilever for Vacuum Sensing with RF Transmission,” Proceedings of the Transducers’03, Boston
 

Guo, H., Lal, A., “Self-Powered Photon Source,” Proceedings of the Transducers’03, Boston

Li, Hui, Lal, A., Blanchard, J., Henderson, D., “Self-reciprocating radioisotope-powered cantilever,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 92, no. 2, 15 July 2002, pp. 1122-1127

 

Blanchard. J. P., Henderson, D. L., Lal, A., Li, H., Guo, H., Yao, R., Santanam, S., "Radioisotope power for MEMS devices," Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, vol 86, 2002, pp. 186-187

 

Lal, A., Li, H., Blanchard, J., Henderson, D., Direct charge radioisotope activation and power generation, (US6479920)

 

Li, H., Lal, A., Blanchard, J., Henderson, D., "Self-reciprocating Radioisotope-powered Cantilever," Digest of Technical publications, International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, Transducers, 2001, Munich, pp. 744-747

 

Lal, A., Bilbao, R. M., Leon, Y., Guo, H., Li, H., Santanam, S., Yao, R., Blanchard. J., Henderson, D., "A Nuclear Microbattery for MEMS Devices," Proc. 9th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, Nice, France, April 2001

  silicon-based ultrasonic surgical tools

 

Chen, X., Lal, A., Riccio, M., and Gilmour Jr., R., "Ultrasonically Actuated Silicon Microprobes for Cardiac Signal Recording," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 53 (8) 206, p. 1665

 

Chen, X., Lal, A., Riccio, M., Gilmour, R.G., "Cardiac Signal Recording Using Ultrasonic Silicon Microprobes," Proceedings of the Solid State Sensor and Actuator Workshop, Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, 2004

 

Chen, X., Lal, A., "Integrated Pressure and Flow Sensor in Silicon-based Ultrasonic Surgical Actuator," IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta

 

Chen, X., Lal, A., “Micromachined Ultrasonic Ophthalmic Microsurgical tool with integrated Pressure sensor,” Digest of Technical publications, International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators, 2001, Munich, pp. 424-427
 

Son, I., Lal, A., Hubbard, B., Olsen, T., “A multifunctional silicon-based microscale surgical system,” Sensors and Actuators A, Volume 91, Issue 3, pp. 351–356, 2000
 

Son, I., Lal, A., “A Remotely Actuated Magnetic Actuator For Microsurgery With Piezoresistive Feedback,” Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International IEEE-EMBS Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine & Biology, Madison, WI., May 2002

Son, I., Lal, A., "Thin-film Composites for Microsurgery," 2000 World Conference on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Chicago

 

Lal, A., White, R. M., “Silicon micro-fabricated horns for power ultrasonics,” Sensors and Actuators, vol. A54, pp. 542-546, 1996.
 

Patent: Lal, A., White, R. M., Microfabricated structure to be used in surgery (US05728089)
 

Patent: Lal, A., White, R.M., Microfabricated acoustic source and receiver (US05569968)

  resonant ultrasound spectroscopy for MEMS quality control

Guo, H., Lal, A., “Die-Level Characterization of Silicon-Nitride Membrane/Silicon Structures Using Resonant Ultrasonic Spectroscopy,” IEEE JMEMS, vol 12, no. 1, February 2003, pp. 53-63
 

Lee, T., Lakes, R. S., and Lal, A., "Investigation of bovine bone by resonant ultrasound spectroscopy and transmission ultrasound", Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, accepted, June (2002)

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "Investigation of clamping force in resonant ultrasound spectroscopy," 144th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 112, no. 5, 2002, p. 2439

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "On the use of finite element method in resonant ultrasound spectroscopy," 142nd Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, December 3-7, 2001 , Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol 110, no. 6, 2001, p.2701

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "Characterization of micromachined silicon nitride membranes using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy," Proceedings of 2001 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium, Atlanta, Georgia, October 7-10, 2001, pp. 863-866

 

Guo, H., Lal, A., "Die-level characterization of bulk-etched MEMS using resonant ultrasound spectroscopy," Digest of Technical publications of the 11th International Conference on Solid State Actuators (Transducers '01), Munich, Germany, June 10-14, 2001, pp. 1406-1409
 

Lee, T. Lakes, R. S., and Lal, A. "Resonant ultrasound spectroscopy for measurement of mechanical damping: comparison with broadband viscoelastic spectroscopy", Review of Scientific Instruments, 71 (7) 2855-2861, July 2000.

  nanotubes

Moloni, K., Lal, A., Lagally, M.G., "Sharpened carbon nanotube probes," Proceedings of SPIE, 2000, 4098 pp. 76-83

 

Lal, A., Method and apparatus for carbon nanotube production (US6433463)

  MEMS bio telemetry

 

Siwapornsathain, E., Lal, A., “Micromachined Ultrasonic Si/PZT Transducer for Underwater Communications,” IEEE Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control Society Symposium, 2001, Atlanta
 

Siwapornsathain, E., Lal, A., Binard, J., Telemetry and Sensor Platform for Ambulatory Urodynamics, Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International IEEE-EMBS Special Topic Conference on Microtechnologies in Medicine & Biology, Madison, WI., May 2002

  others

Yan, D., Lal, A., "Silicon-on-Insulator Cantilevers as Charge Collectors for Radioisotope Micropower Sources: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization" Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering, 16 (10) 2006, p. 2100

 

Yan, D., Lal, A., "Design and Characterization of Slit Variable Micrograting," IEEE Sensors Journal, 6 (2) 2006, p. 458

 

Yan, D., Apsel, A., and Lal, A., "Fabrication and Electromechanical Characterization of SOI-based Micro-scanner," Smart Materials and Structures, 14, 2005, pp. 775-784

 

Yan, D., and Lal, A., "Squeeze Film Damping Effect of Perforated Micro-scanners: Modeling and Characterization," Smart Materials and Structures, 15, 2006, pp. 480-484